To Determine the Relationship between Maternal Serum Concentrations of Cancer Antigen-125 with Pre-Eclampsia Severity
Abstract
Introduction: Pre-eclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy associated with maternal and fetal morbid-ity and mortality. Cancer antigen-125 (CA-125), a glycoprotein traditionally used as a tumor marker, has been reported to rise in pre-eclampsia and may correlate with disease severity. Aims and Objective: To evaluate the relationship between maternal serum CA-125 concentrations and the se-verity of pre-eclampsia. Methods: This observational analytical case-control study was conducted from May 2021 to April 2022 at the Department of Biochemistry in collaboration with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Burdwan Medical College and Hospital. A total of 306 pregnant women were enrolled, comprising 153 pre-eclamptic cases and 153 normotensive controls. Maternal demographic and anthropometric data were recorded. Serum CA-125 levels were measured using chemiluminescent immunoassay. Pre-eclampsia cases were stratified into mild, moderate and severe categories. Statistical analysis included unpaired t-tests, ANOVA, and correlation analyses, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: Mean maternal age was comparable between case (27.88 ± 1.31 years) and control groups (28.12 ± 1.43 years, p = 0.115). Mean height was significantly higher in cases (159.56 ± 5.32 cm) compared to controls (153.87 ± 28.37 cm, p = 0.015), while weight differences were not significant. Serum CA-125 levels were sig-nificantly elevated in pre-eclamptic women (45.81 ± 11.05 IU/mL) versus controls (12.74 ± 2.13 IU/mL, p< 0.0001), with higher levels observed in severe cases. CA-125 positively correlated with blood pressure and pro-teinuria, indicating association with disease severity. Conclusion: Maternal serum CA-125 is significantly elevated in pre-eclampsia and correlates with disease se-verity. It may serve as a potential biomarker for risk stratification and monitoring in pre-eclamptic pregnancies.Keywords:
Pre-eclampsia, CA-125, Maternal serum, Biomarker, PregnancyReferences
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